Shared waters cooperation

Nearly half of the world’s population depends on rivers, lakes, and aquifers and hydrological cycles that cross national borders. As climate change intensifies droughts, floods, and unpredictable water availability, shared waters are becoming both more valuable and more vulnerable. Cooperation is increasingly essential — not only for managing resources, but for safeguarding stability, economies, and ecosystems.

This thematic area focuses on how countries, regions, and communities can work together to manage shared waters effectively, reduce climate-related security risks, and build long-term trust.

Why this matters now

When water moves across borders, so do risks. Climate change is increasing variability in river flows, lowering groundwater levels, and stressing shared ecosystems — often in regions where political systems are fragile or institutions are weak. Without cooperation, countries face growing uncertainty, rising costs, and the risk of escalating tensions.

Stronger, climate-resilient cooperation helps countries share benefits, prevent conflict, manage disasters, and support sustainable development across entire regions.